Leader of an inhumane dictatorial directorate that envisioned the implementation of a harsh fascist type regime.
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Joseph Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili was born in 1879 in the Caucasus, in the small town of Gori, Georgia. He died on March 5, 1953. His mother intended him to be a priest, so he studied at the Seminary of Tbilisi, but abandoned his studies. He will organize along the Bolshevik lines and take part in the revolution of 1905. He will become the first director of Pravda (newspaper, the official organ of the Bolsheviks) in 1912. During the October revolution Stalin's role will be secondary, almost negligible . He was elected secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU in 1922, a position he would hold until Lenin's death in 1924, even though Lenin himself considered him "too violent".
In the internal party dispute over Lenin's succession, he managed to sideline all the important leading figures of the Bolsheviks - first and foremost Trotsky - and become the undisputed leader of the USSR. He coined the theory of "communism in one country" in stark contrast to Marxist theory. In essence he abandoned the ideas of international overthrow and contented himself with using the loyalty of foreign communists for the benefit of Russia. He established a terrible dictatorship under the guise of communism. The promised "dictatorship of the proletariat" became a dictatorship over the proletariat.
He multiplied the purges and murders, and everywhere he installed concentration camps, the infamous gulags. Forced collectivization of agriculture and rapid industrialization combined with priority on heavy industry will cause shortages of basic consumer goods for many years to come.
After the assassination of Kirov in 1934, the period of great mass purges and the infamous trial will begin, where the victims will be counted in the millions.
From the conclusions of Vyshinsky (chief prosecutor of the USSR from 1935 to 1939) "during the last period of the trials, it follows that the Soviet state is a centralized mechanism of state treason. The majority of people's commissars, the most important Soviet diplomats, all the leaders of the Comintern, the leaders and leaders of the Red Army, the head of the government himself, and especially all the members of the Politburo of the CPSU - Trotsky, Kamenev, Zinoviev, Chomsky , Rykov, Bukharin, Ruzhutak - had conspired against the Soviet Power, even when they themselves had it in their hands."
His insanity will know no bounds. As well as the terrorism he will practice throughout the country. In his opinion, all those who were condemned as traitors and agents were trying to tear apart the Soviet Union that they themselves created, and to enslave the peoples, for whose liberation they themselves fought for tens of years, to fascism!
After all this, of course, a difficulty arises.
If all these key positions of the apparatus were in the hands of agents and enemies of the USSR, how come they were not in power but Stalin?
He signed the "German-Soviet Pact" with Nazi Germany in 1939, which froze communists around the world. He supplied Hitler with oil and grain that Germany needed, they divided and divided Poland, but they turned from allies to rivals when Hitler attacked the Soviet Union.
The victory at Stalingrad against Nazi Germany raised Stalin's prestige, and established him as one of the central figures of the world political scene. He transformed into a heroic "father figure" for all communists in the world. He was the big winner at the Yalta conference and created after the end of the war an empire, with satellites of the communist regimes of the states of Eastern Europe in the image and likeness of the mother Soviet Union.
After his death, Khrushchev, who succeeded him, in the famous report entitled "The cult of personality and its harmful consequences" presented at the 20th congress of the KKE in 1956, denounced Stalin for "a regime of violence and terror aimed at consolidating of his personal authority". The attack was all-out and shook both the Party and world public opinion. Khrushchev, in his report, spoke of abuses against leading officials, staged cases of espionage and sabotage, forged confessions and torture. The Moscow trials were a sham and the accused were innocent victims of a conspiracy. He attributed the responsibility for all the cases personally to Stalin and to his "morbid suspicion".
In the West, in the middle of the cold war, intellectuals, public opinion and even the communist parties themselves began to distance themselves from the Soviet Union, slowly the image of the victorious country of the Second World War began to be replaced by that of an inhuman , totalitarian regime, similar to that of Hitler and Mussolini.
The negative connotations of the aggressive designation "Stalinist" are now widely used to denote authoritarianism, brutality, bloodthirsty dictatorship and totalitarianism.